The Census Bureau’s Count Question Resolution program can correct 2020 census data until June 2023. However, that adjustment happens only if tribal, state or local officials ask for it. More than US$675 billion a year is provided to tribal, state and local governments proportionally according to their population numbers. That means political representation in Congress may not accurately reflect the constituencies the representatives serve.īut the numbers can be adjusted when used to divide up federal funding for essential services in communities around the nation. That’s because federal law bars the use of statistical sampling in apportionment decisions and requires those changes to be made only on the basis of how many people were actually counted. House of Representatives and, therefore, Electoral College votes. But in 1999, the Supreme Court ruled that the bureau cannot adjust the numbers it sent to Congress and the states for the purpose of allocating seats in the U.S. The Census Bureau has determined that its 2020 data is not accurate and has measured the amount of that inaccuracy. Population figures formally reported by the Census Bureau for the purposes of reapportionment cannot be corrected, according to a 1999 Supreme Court ruling. The results of that survey are compared with the census results for those households and can reveal how many people were missed, or if some people were counted twice or counted in the wrong place. The survey is conducted independent of the census and randomly sent to a small group of households from census blocks in each state, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Comparing that estimate with the actual count can reveal an overall scale of how many people the census missed.Īs a second measure, the Census Bureau runs what it calls a “ post-enumeration survey,” taken after the initial census data is collected. That means the bureau calculates how many people might be added to the population counts, through birth registrations and immigration records, and how many people might be removed from them, through death record or emigration reports. Census officials use two methods.įirst, the Census Bureau uses demographic analysis to create an estimate of the population. Efforts for measuring census accuracy started in 1940. It can be puzzling to understand how the Census Bureau can know how many people it missed. How can they count the people who were missed? For example, college students could have been counted twice – at their college residence and at their parents’ home.ģ. The 2020 census also counted 1.64% more non-Hispanic whites than there actually are in the country. This performance is much worse than in the previous two censuses, when smaller proportions of those populations were missed. This could mean missing about 1.4 million Black Americans 49,000 American Indians or Alaskan Natives who live on reservations and 3.3 million people of Hispanic or Latino origin. But the census missed counting 3.3% of Black Americans, 5.6% of American Indians or Alaskan Natives who live on reservations and 5% of people of Hispanic or Latino origin. The official estimates show that the 2020 census was really very accurate, capturing 99.8% of the nation’s residents overall. However, the pandemic made that process more difficult for the 2020 census, both by making people uncomfortable with in-person visits and by shortening the timeline for collecting the data. In addition, Census Bureau employees knock on doors in person across the country, trying to follow up with those who did not respond to mailings, announcements and events. Census Bureau tries to count everyone, aiming targeted public relations campaigns at specific communities to encourage members to participate. And they may be more reluctant to participate because of concerns about confidentiality, fear of repercussions and distrust of government. Because of their living situations, these people can be hard for census takers to track down in the first place.
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